EDITOR-学会 EMACS

• Mac
  
• Windows
  
• Linux(apt get install emacs)
  

• C-h t to open the tutorial.
  
• You need be familiar with cursor movement(C-f/C-b/C-n/C-p/C-a/C-e) and basic editing (C-k)
  
• You should be familiar with M(eta), s(uper, command key), S(hift), C(trl) M-x s-p S-p C-p
  
• Prefix key(c-h is a prefix key) and C-g (C-x c-f)
  

• linum-mode to display line numbers (M-x linum-mode)
  
• C-x C-f(find/file) to open files, C-x C-s(ave) to save files. (You could also use your mouse to do all the file operations.)
  
• you should always ask Emacs the right question
  
• C-h k/ C-h v / C-h f (Emacs is a self document, extensiable editor.)
  
• The key bindings are actually a quick way to command Emacs.
  

• use learnxinyminutes website to learn emacs lisp.
  
• at least you know how to define variable, functions
  
• You should know how to make a function callable and how to set a key binding for the function.
  

• turn off tool-bar
  
• turn off scroll-bar
  
• show linum-mode
  
• turn off splash screen
  
• save your config
  
• define a function to quickly open your config file.
  

• How to use the built-in Package system of Emacs.
  
• Install company mode and active it.
  
• Major mode and minor mode (C-h m)
  
• Happy hacking. :)
  

1. make cursor style to bar
   

2. disable backup file
   

   (setq make-backup-files nil)
   

   use C-’ to open another buffer to edit source code.
   Make source code fancy in the org file.
   

   (require 'org)
   (setq org-src-fontify-natively t)
   

   1. enable recentf-mode
      

      (require 'recentf)
      (recentf-mode 1)
      (setq recentf-max-menu-items 25)
      (global-set-key "\C-x\ \C-r" 'recentf-open-files)
      

      1. bring electric-indent-mode back
         
      2. add delete selection mode
         

      (delete-selection-mode t)
      

1. Open with full screen
   

   (setq  initial-frame-alist (quote ((fullscreen . maximized))))
   

   1. show match parents
      

      (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'show-paren-mode)
      

      It has a flaw, we will use more powerful package in the future.
      

      1. Highlight current line (global-hl-line-mode)
         

      (global-hl-line-mode t)
      

1. make package system more powerful with Melpa
   

   (when (>= emacs-major-version 24)
     (require 'package)
     (package-initialize)
     (add-to-list 'package-archives '("melpa" . "http://melpa.org/packages/") t)
     )
   (require 'cl)
   
   ;;add whatever packages you want here
   (defvar zilongshanren/packages '(
                                    company
   
                                    )  "Default packages")
   
   (defun zilongshanren/packages-installed-p ()
     (loop for pkg in zilongshanren/packages
           when (not (package-installed-p pkg)) do (return nil)
           finally (return t)))
   
   (unless (zilongshanren/packages-installed-p)
     (message "%s" "Refreshing package database...")
     (package-refresh-contents)
     (dolist (pkg zilongshanren/packages)
       (when (not (package-installed-p pkg))
         (package-install pkg))))
   

   1. install a theme (monokai)
      
   2. install hungry delete mode
      
   3. package-list-packages (add/delete/update packages)
      
   4. install and configure smex and ivy mode
      
   5. use customize-group to customize the package settings
      
   6. install and configure smartparens mode
      

   7. Don’t try to update the package daily, the updating process might failed.
      

      (tips: press M-RET to fix the order, you could also use M-RET to add new headings, cheers!)
      

1. Install js2-mode and start to write javascript
   
2. Install nodejs-repl to execute code inside Emacs
   

1. c-h c-f(find-function), c-h c-v(find-variable), c-h c-k(find-function-on-key)
   
2. Tell users to learn more about elisp(M-x info)
   

1. use Git to management your init file
   
2. load-file, load-path and load
   
3. features, provide and require, autoload
   
4. naming conventions
   all of the names should have a prefix, such that the naming conflicts could be minimal.
   

5. define your abbrevs
   

   (abbrev-mode t)
   (define-abbrev-table 'global-abbrev-table '(("8hr" "haoran")
                                               ("8ms" "Macrosoft")))
   

6. organize your configs
   
7. use `counsel-git` to find file in git managed project
   

1. conventions
   text-mode/special-mode/prog-mode
   

1. Indent-region or buffer
   

   ;;C-M-\能够直接对全文格式化，不使用这个函数与下面一个函数的话，只能对选中的地方格式化
   (defun ogmc/indent-buffer ()
     "Indent the currently visited buffer."
     (interactive)
     (indent-region (point-min) (point-max)))
   
   (defun ogmc/indent-region-or-buffer () ;;一键格式化
     "Indent a region if selected, otherwise the whole buffer."
     (interactive)
     (save-excursion;;记忆光标位置
       (if (region-active-p)
           (progn
             (indent-region (region-beginning) (region-end))
             (message "Indented selected region."))
         (progn
           (ogmc/indent-buffer)
           (message "Indented buffer.")))))
   

   1. another way to complete things in Emacs.
      

      (global-set-key (kbd "s-/") 'hippie-expand);;windows-/，一个代码补全函数
      
      ;;好像是增强补全，而且还很不错的样子，绑定了一个快捷键s-/
      (setq hippie-expand-try-functions-list '(try-expand-dabbrev ;;路径补全
                                               try-expand-dabbrev-all-buffers
                                               try-expand-dabbrev-from-kill
                                               try-complete-file-name-partially
                                               try-complete-file-name
                                               try-expand-all-abbrevs
                                               try-expand-list
                                               try-expand-line
                                               try-complete-lisp-symbol-partially
                                               try-complete-lisp-symbol))
      

(setq dired-recursive-deletes 'always);;对目录删除操作时始终递归
(setq dired-recursive-copies 'always);;对目录复制操作时始终递归
(put 'dired-find-alternate-file 'disabled nil);;buffer共用
(with-eval-after-load 'dired;;所以使用这一句
  (define-key dired-mode-map (kbd "RET") 'dired-find-alternate-file));;配合上上一条使用，不共用buffer

1. copy, delete and rename file
   

   +

   创建新目录
   

   C-x C-f

   创建新文件
   

   D

   删除光标下文件或文件夹
   

   d

   标记为删除
   

   u

   删除标记
   

   C

   复制
   

2. add new file and folder
   
3. open dired of current buffer
   

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
#+end_sr

major-mode 还是 js2-mode，多了一个 minor-mode js2-refactor

;;js2-refactor
(add-hook 'js2-mode-hook #'js2-refactor-mode)
(js2r-add-keybindings-with-prefix "C-c C-m")

1. 视频中使用了 popwin，而我没有使用，所以设置 occur 的 window 在右边我不能和他一样做
   
2. 视频中是 customize 了 powin，我就不搞了
   

3. 设置窗口大小也不搞了
   

   这个 occur-mode 是 emacs 自带的，默认按键绑定到了 M-s o
   

   ;;自动抓取光标停留的单词，至于为什么叫这个函数名，dwim = do what I mean
   (defun occur-dwim()
     "Call `occur' with a sane default."
     (interactive)
     (push (if (region-active-p)
               (buffer-substring-no-properties
                (region-beginning)
                (region-end))
             (let ((sym (thing-at-point 'symbol)))
               (when (stringp sym)
                 (regexp-quote sym))))
           regexp-history)
     (call-interactively 'occur))
   
   (global-set-key (kbd "M-s o") 'occur-dwim);;本来就是这个按键，优化了这个函数而已
   

   ;;下面的是增强了counsel-imenu功能，能够找到隐藏较深的函数
   (defun js2-imenu-make-index ()
     (interactive)
     (save-excursion
       ;; (setq imenu-generic-expression '((nil "describe\\(\"\\(.+\\)\"" 1)))
       (imenu--generic-function '(("describe" "\\s-*describe\\s-*(\\s-*[\"']\\(.+\\)[\"']\\s-*,.*" 1)
                                  ("it" "\\s-*it\\s-*(\\s-*[\"']\\(.+\\)[\"']\\s-*,.*" 1)
                                  ("test" "\\s-*test\\s-*(\\s-*[\"']\\(.+\\)[\"']\\s-*,.*" 1)
                                  ("before" "\\s-*before\\s-*(\\s-*[\"']\\(.+\\)[\"']\\s-*,.*" 1)
                                  ("after" "\\s-*after\\s-*(\\s-*[\"']\\(.+\\)[\"']\\s-*,.*" 1)
                                  ("Function" "function[ \t]+\\([a-zA-Z0-9_$.]+\\)[ \t]*(" 1)
                                  ("Function" "^[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z0-9_$.]+\\)[ \t]*=[ \t]*function[ \t]*(" 1)
                                  ("Function" "^var[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z0-9_$.]+\\)[ \t]*=[ \t]*function[ \t]*(" 1)
                                  ("Function" "^[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z0-9_$.]+\\)[ \t]*()[ \t]*{" 1)
                                  ("Function" "^[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z0-9_$.]+\\)[ \t]*:[ \t]*function[ \t]*(" 1)
                                  ("Task" "[. \t]task([ \t]*['\"]\\([^'\"]+\\)" 1)))))
   (add-hook 'js2-mode-hook
             (lambda ()
               (setq imenu-create-index-function 'js2-imenu-make-index)))
   
   (global-set-key (kbd "M-s i") 'counsel-imenu);;列出函数
   (global-set-key (kbd "M-s e") 'iedit-mode);;同时编辑
   

这是两个包，一个是 C-=来可视化最近范围区域的代码，一个是 M-s e，来同时编辑多个相同的单词，但是我觉得没用
前一个可以使用 viw-vim 中的方式选中，后一个可以使用：%s//g

C-c C-e export

Use org-capture to take notes

(setq org-capture-templates
      '(("t" "Todo" entry (file+headline "~/.emacs.d/org/gtd.org" "工作安排")
         "* TODO [#B] %?\n  %i\n"
         :empty-lines 1)))

Further reading

1. press C-x C-q in dired mode
   
2. C-c C-c 保存更改
   
3. use expand-region and iedit to batch change files
   

1. at first, you should install ag
   search speed: ag > pt > ack > grep
   

   #从网上找ag的安装命令
   MacOS:
   brew install the_silver_searcher
   
   Debian/Ubuntu:
   sudo apt-get install silversearcher-ag
   
   CentOS:
   sudo yum install the_silver_searcher
   
   Fedora:
   sudo dnf install the_silver_searcher
   
   ArchLinux:
   sudo pacman -S the_silver_searcher
   

   1. install package helm-ag
      
   2. 绑定快捷键 C-c p s(p 是项目的意思，后面用 vim 后就用<leader>了)
      
   3. 这里我没有下载这个 package，感觉现在还用不到，我现在只想要一个清爽的 emacs
      

1. 首先要先系统安装 eslint(代码检错)
   

2. 然后安装 flycheck 这个包
   

   ;;flycheck
   ;;(global-flycheck-mode t)
   (add-hook 'js2-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
   

auto-yasnippet

(global-set-key (kbd “C-w”) ’backward-kill-word);;回退删除

1. install Evil pluein
   

   (setcdr evil-insert-state-map nil);;这句与下面一句的作用是使insert下是emacs-state，否则有些emacs的快捷键不能用
   (define-key evil-insert-state-map [escape] 'evil-normal-state)
   (setq-default evil-want-C-u-scroll t);;这里的设置无效，放在这只是提醒这个功能需要自己改
   ;; '(evil-want-C-u-scroll t);;在custom中加入这句才可以
   

2. press C-z to toggle Normal and Emacs state
   
   • 我不需要，我使用 C-[
     
3. Evil state = vim mode
   
   • evil-insert-state
     
   • evil-normal-state
     
   • evil-visual-state
     
   • evil-motion-state
     
   • evil-emacs-state
     
   • evil-operator-state
     
4. configure Evil leader key
   
   • 需要安装一个 evil-leader
     
5. powerline
   
   • 我使用 doomline
     
6. evil-sround
   
7. evil-nerdcommer
   

8. made some modes to use emacs state
   

   ;;暂时不加，这个的作用就是在一些mode下使用emacs-state，因为normal-state可能做的不好
   (dolist (mode '(ag-mode
                   flycheck-error-list-mode
                   occur-mode
                   git-rebase-mode))
     (add-to-list 'evil-emacs-state-modes mode))
   
   ;;将occur-mode中的按键调整
   (add-hook 'occur-mode-hook
             (lambda ()
               (evil-add-hjkl-bindings occur-mode-map 'emacs
                 (kbd "/")       'evil-search-forward
                 (kbd "n")       'evil-search-next
                 (kbd "N")       'evil-search-previous
                 (kbd "C-d")     'evil-scroll-down
                 (kbd "C-u")     'evil-scroll-up)))
   (evil-add-hjkl-bindings package-menu-mode-map 'emacs)
   ;;还是觉得这个occur-mode没啥用
   

9. whitch-key
   
   • 重复，我想要的是简单清爽的 emacs
     

用于显示 log

这是系统层面的，装在系统里，用来干什么的就不知道了

pallet 是基于 cask 的

1. backend for the completion sources and front end to display the candidates
   
2. C-h v company-backends
   
3. try company-file and company-ispell, M-x
   
4. C-h C-f to view the backend implementation
   

1. Python anaconda-mode not works
   
2. some backend require build with a server-client architecture: company-anaconda, company-jedi, company-ycmd, company-tern etc
   
3. At first, you should make sure the server side is working properly and then you want to make sure you use the right backend
   
4. how to fix anaconda on Mac
   

又介绍了 cask，但是我暂时用不到，我又不开发 package
还介绍了 company-backend，暂时不想学

(setq configuration-layer–elpa-archives
’((“melpa-cn” . “http://elpa.emacs-china.org/melpa/”)
(“org-cn” . “http://elpa.emacs-china.org/org/”)
(“gnu-cn” . “http://elpa.emacs-china.org/gnu/”)))

dotspacemacs-maximized-at-startup t

(setq custom-file (expand-file-name “custom.el” dotspacemacs-directory))
(load custom-file ’no-error ’no-message)

source code pro

• config variables (chinese layer)
  

SPC p f

在 git 管理的文件夹下查找文件

SPC f f

查找文件、创建新文件

SPC f o

使用系统的外部软件打开当前文件

SPC f E

使用 sudo 打开这个文件

SPC f D

删除当前文件

SPC f j

打开当前文件的 dired-mode

SPC f r

打开 recent 文件

SPC f R

重命名当前文件

SPC f v

给目录添加特殊的变量

SPC f y

复制当前文件的全路径

SPC f C u/d

转换编码 unix/dos

SPC f e d

打开.spacemacs 文件

SPC f e i

打开.emacs.d/init.el 文件

SPC f e l

打开 elpa 下面的文件

SPC f c

复制当前文件

SPC f b

显示当前的 bookmarks

SPC f s/S

保存当前文件，所有 buffer 中的文件

SPC b .

hydra

SPC p b

开启的被 git 仓库管理的 buffer

SPC b b

选择已开启的 buffer

SPC b d

把这个 buffer 删除，当这个文件还是存在的

SPC b i

ibuffer

SPC b h

home

SPC b k

通过正则表达式删除 buffer

SPC b N

一系列添加新 buffer 的命令

SPC b m

打开 message buffer

SPC b R

从备份文件中还原文件

SPC b s

scratch buffer

SPC b w

toggle 文件为只读

SPC b Y

将整个 buffer 中的内容复制

SPC f P

将系统剪切板中的内容粘贴到 buffer 中

SPC TAB

toggle 上一个 buffer

What’s layout in spacemacs? How to use layout in spacemacs

SPC l L

load layout file(zilong)

SPC l l

to switch between layouts

SPC l s

to save layout to file

SPC l TAB

switch between the last layout and the current layout

SPC l o

custom layout

SPC l R

rename layout

SPC l ?

to open the help window, learn more operation about layout

SPC w -

split window below

SPC w /

split window right

SPC w .

window micro state

SPC w 2/3

use prediefined window layout

SPC w =

balance window

SPC w b

switch to minibuffer

SPC w d

delete the current window

SPC w h/j/k/l

move to window

SPC w m

maximize window

SPC w H/J/K/L

move window to position with evil direction key

SPC w u/U

window undo/redo

SPC w o

switch to other frame

SPC w F

make a new frame

SPC w 1/2/3/4

goto window with window number

SPC w w

goto other window one by one

SPC w W

ace window

SPC t g

toggle golden ratio

SPC t -

center point

SPC p f

visit files in project

SPC p b

visit buffer sin project

SPC p p

switch to project

SPC p l

switch to project and create a new layout

find-file-in-project is a really handy package

1. Some dynamic languages don’t support syntax-aware auto completion.
   For example:
   

   Javascript(though tern-mode could do some sort of auto completion, but
   the configuration is complex and it’s not always reliable) && Lua
   

   I also use Ctags for C/C++, I usually use Emacs for writing and navigatng C/C++ code, but
   use IDE to debug and profiling.
   

2. Ctags is very fast and reliable.
   

ctags -eR .
company-etags (company-etags can’t used for every major mode)

1. project wide configurations for auto generating the Tags file.
   
2. Configure the ctags rules for generate more tags
   
3. use etags-select to quickly navigate a large code base
   

When syntax-aware auto completion is not available, consider to use Ctags instead.

1. vim like Paredit
   
2. It even has some IDE features
   
3. how to install
   

1. barf and slurp
   
2. raise sexp
   
3. kill/copy/yank
   
4. ace
   
5. swap/w/s
   
6. navigation hjkl/[]
   
7. split
   
8. splice
   
9. wrap
   

https://emacs-china.org/t/spacemacs-sublime-ctrl-d/902

https://emacs-china.org/t/emacs/905

1. Some defaults are worth learning, but some are not
   

   Ask in emacs-china.org
   

   1. Stick to the defaults will help in the long run
      

      I think Mac is the best platform. You could easily adapt yourself to Emacs
      (CMD A/C/X)
      

I want to setup a IDE to do the job for me.

Suggestions:

1. C/C++/Java/C# IDE is not worth the time
   
2. Javascript/HTML/CSS don’t need a IDE
   

3. Python/Ruby/Go/PHP/Clojure/Erlang could have some IDE feature in Emacs
   

   In the first beginning, try to use the right tool for the right job.
   

   Now: I’m using XCode for C++/OC programming, Android Studio for Java programming.
   (No plugin, no keybindings change)
   

   I also use iTerm2/tmux for the shell stuff, the shell in Emacs is slow…
   

It’s very hard for beginners, I also spent too much time to configure the workflow I’m using now.

Learn Org-mode feature step by step, don’t try to become the master in the first day.

1. my emacs is frozen, how?
   Because Emacs is a single thread app, sometimes you just trigger some time consuming task.
   

   pkill -SIGUSR2 -i emacs
   toggle-debug-on-quit
   

   1. My Emacs is very slow
      

      Use the following two commands to profile the CPU
      

      profiler-start
      profiler-report
      

      1. My Emacs start-up time is long…
         

      /Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs --timed-requires --profile
      

1. Take it easy and don’t panic, Emacs is a lifelong text editor
   
2. Learning Emacs one piece a time everyday.
   
3. Visit reddit/emacs-china.org regularly for keeping update with the community
   
4. Keep using Emacs daily and reshaping your secret weapon gradually.
   

1. hooks
   
2. write elisp functions
   

http://www.jianshu.com/p/f509c9a9cac0?hmsr=toutiao.io&utm_medium=toutiao.io&utm_source=toutiao.io

(defun aborn/debug-demo ()
  "debug demo function"
  (interactive)
  (let ((a "a")
        (b "value b")
        (c 1))
    (message "middle")
    (setq c (+ 1 c))
    (xyz "a")
    (message "ggg")
    ))

http://nullprogram.com/blog/2013/02/06/

(define-minor-mode
  shadowsocks-proxy-mode
  :global t
  :init-value nil
  :lighter " SS"
  (if shadowsocks-proxy-mode
      (setq url-gateway-method 'socks)
    (setq url-gateway-method 'native)))


(define-global-minor-mode
  global-shadowsocks-proxy-mode shadowsocks-proxy-mode shadowsocks-proxy-mode
  :group 'shadowsocks-proxy)

https://emacs-china.org/t/ranger-golden-ratio/964
https://emacs-china.org/t/topic/945/2
https://emacs-china.org/t/spaceline/389
https://emacs-china.org/t/topic/889/3
http://nullprogram.com/blog/2013/02/06/
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21502367/elisp-defadvice-around-clarification
http://ergoemacs.org/emacs/emacs_avoid_lambda_in_hook.html
http://emacs-fu.blogspot.com/2008/12/hooks.html

1. One aggregate layer with five other layers
   
2. The generic keybindings are all in one place
   
3. keep `user-config` minimal
   
4. update constantly with the upstream
   

Introduction to elisp
Emacs manual

reddit/r/emacs
emacs-china.org
twitter/emacs
gihtub/spacemacs/prelude/purcell/abo-abo
RSS

• try to debug some elisp function
  
• get idea of how to do things in emacs
  
• Learn the configuration possibilities of each package
  

Happy hacking!